Summary #8 "Blood System" in other words the "Circulatory System"

The function of the circulatory system is to transport nutrients and oxygen to all the humans´ body. The blood have three types of cells and its function :

• Red Blood Cells: transport nutrients and oxygen.



•  White Blood Cells: Fight diseases( infections )

• Platelets:  Stop bleeding and cover injuries from bleed.
  
  

The most important organ on the Circulatory System  is the heart; is the only organ that pumps blood to all our body. There are three types of blood vessels in our body here is with each function are:

1. Arteries: Carry blood from the heart to the body.
2. Capillaries: Connect veins and arteries.
3. Veins: Bring the blood back to the heart.

The circulatory system isn´t only the heart and the three blood vessels; it is the lungs, the small intestine and the kidneys.

Summary #7 "How Ecosystems Change"

What happens when people abandon a city? Natures takes over; one example is the cities and the temples of Angkor in Camboidia (they were built between 820 and about 1150. Lest me explain you; the gradual replacement of one monnunityby another is called Ecological Succesion. The ecological succesion takes places in five steps:

1. Abandoned Farm---First Year: A comunity of crabgrass, insects, and mice invades the fields where corn or another crop once grew.
2. Second and Third Years: Tall weeds, such as asters, ragweed, and goldenrod, and tall grasses grow among the crabgrass. The crabgrass can´t easily survive in the shade cast by the taller weeds. It begins to die out. Rabbits and seed-eating birds move in.
3. Four to six Years: The comunity is growing it have stunks, birds and others mammals like the mouse.
4. Twenty five years later: Pines agrew up there are much kinds of mammals like the fox, racoons,birds etc.
5. One hundred years later: know the forest is an decidious forest with deers,more trees etc.

Summary #6 "Places to Live Around the World"

    One of Earth´s large ecosystem, with its climate, soil, plant and animals is called biome. Each person live in 1 biome it could be : 

 1. Taiga: A cool, forest biome of conifers in the upper Northern Hemisphere.

 

 2. Tundra: a cold, forest biome of the farnorth, marked by spongy topsoil.

3. Desert: A sandy or rocky biome, with a little precipitation and a little plant life.

4. Deciduous Forest: a forest biome with many kinds of trees that lose their leaves each Autumn.

5. Tropical Rain Forest: a hot, humid biome near the equator, with much rainfall and a wide variety of life.

Each biome have characteristics:

• Location
• Climate( how much rains in that biome?)
• Soil
• Plants
• Animals

But do you know about a Water Biome? There are two types of  Water Biome:                                 

• Fresh Water:

1. Plankton: Biotic factors that floats in the water.
2. Neckton: Biotics factors that swim throught water.
3. Bethos: Bottom-dweling organism.

• Salt Water:

1. Upper Region: 100-200meters deapht
2. Lower Region: 200-1000meters deapht

Summary #5 "Surviving in Ecosystems"

In this topic you will learn about how organisms can help or hinder the survival of other organisms. Certain factors control the growth and survival of living things. Anything that controls the growth or survival of a population is called a limiting factor. Some limiting factors are nonliving. Sunlight, wind, water, and temperature are examples of nonliving limiting factors. Living organisms can also be limiting factors. For example, the number of prey in an ecosystem can determine the number of predators the ecosystem can support. Plants live almost everywhere on Earth. Plants can survive because they have developed special characteristics. Characteristics that help an organism survive in its environment are called adaptations. One of the harshest areas for plant growth is a desert. The barrel cactus is adapted to the conditions of the desert. The plant's roots are very shallow and grow only about 3 inches into the dry soil. When rain falls, the roots catch the rain and soak it up very quickly. The stem of the cactus also helps it survive. It stores water. Different kinds of organisms interact with each other in a number of different ways. There are relationships between different kinds of organisms. In nature a relationship between two kinds of organisms is called symbiosis. There are different kinds of symbiosis. Sometimes both organisms benefit from the relationship. Sometimes one organism benefits while harming the other. Sometimes only one benefits. When a relationship between two organisms benefits both of them it is called mutualism. Yucca trees and yucca moths cannot survive without each other. Each helps the other reproduce. A relationship in which one kind of organism lives on or in another organism and may harm that organism is called parasitism. The organisms that live on or in other organisms are called parasites. Fleas are parasites of dogs and cats. The fleas live off the blood of these animals and give nothing back but itching and irritation. When one organism benefits from another without harming or helping it is called commensalism. Many animals have this kind of relationship. There are certain tropical fish that live unharmed among the poisonous tentacles of sea anemones. The anemones provide safety for the fish. Yet the fish neither harm nor help the anemones.

1. Adaptation: Characteristics that help an organism to  in an environment.

2. Simbiosis: In nature a relationship between two kinds of organisms.

3. Mutualism: When a relationship between two organisms benefits both of them.

Yucca tree

4. Parasitism: A relationship in which one kind of organism lives on or in another organism and may harm that organism.

5. Commensalism: When one organism benefits from another without harming or helping.

Summary #4 "Cycles of Life"

There are many types of cycles like: the water cycle, the carbon dioxide cycle and nitrogen cycle. This will be the cycles we will see today. The water cycle is the continious movement of water on Earth´s surface and the air, changing from liquid to gas to liquid. The carbon dioxide cycle is the continuos movement of carbon between the atmosphere and living things. The nitrogen cycle is the transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to plants and back to the atmosphere and directly to plants again. If you don´t know you are part of many cycles like I named in the first part of this paragraph, I would explain to you this cycles.

• The Water Cycle: I will start to explain in the recoletion because the water cycle dose not have an end or start.

1. Recollection: Water flows into rivers, lakes, streams , etc. Most of the water is absorb by the soil and use to help plants made the process of photosynthesis.

2. Evaporation: When the sunlight is hot enought, from water would born gases this is evaporation the evaporation rises up like gas thats why in the meaning of water cycle said the water travels on Earth from liquid to gas to liquid.

3.Condensation: Condensation is one of the part of the process of the water cycle before the transform of liquid to gas.

4.Transpiration: It can be of human or plants because when we run we sweet and the is evaporated and is the same with the plants.

 

5.Precipitation: Is the time when the liquid to gas to liquid starts, It will rain !!!

6. Runoff: The water goes on the streets or mountains or wherever place you can find an altitude and rains.

7. Groundwater: The soil absorbs the water and the process will continue.

• The Carbon Dioxide Cycle: The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth.

Nitrogen Cycle: The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms. This transformation can be carried out via both biological and non-biological processes.

Thanks for your attention

If you don´t understand post your question where you see the coments.

Summary#3 "Food Chains and Food Webs"

Food Chains and Food Web are the path of energy in food from one organism to another.Food chains and food webs are representations of the predator-prey relationships between species within anecosystem  or habitat. In the food chains one animal eats another animal and who eats is who have much energy. Ex. A lion eats a zebra(the lion have all the zebra´s energy). Herbivores are eaten by carnivores. Have you never ask to yourself waht is a predator and what is a prey. The answer is here, a predator isa living thing that hunts other living things for food. Prey is a living thing that is hunt for food. If you didn´t know that you are an omnivoros?--- Yes you are!Omnivoros is an animal that eats both plants and animals. All humans are omnivoros exept the herbivores.

Food Chain

Food Web

Summary #2 "Living Things and Their Enviroment"

An ecosystem is all the living things and nonliving things in an area interacting with each other. Ecology is the study of how all these things interact in order to survive. Freshwater ecosystems cover less space than saltwater ecosystem. Saltwater ecosystems can cover entire oceans. It doesn´t matter where they are or what they look like, all ecosystems have the same parts. The nonliving parts of an ecosystem are the abiotic factors. Abiotic factors include water, minerals, sunlight, air, climate, and soil. These organisms---make up the biotic factors, or living parts, of an ecosystem. Each organism contributes something to the others in the ecosystem. Plant and algae are called producers. They produce oxygen and food that animals need. Animals consume, or eat, plants need to make food. They are very important part of an ecosystem. Fungi and bacteria are decomposer.

Ecosystem (habitat)

Summary #1 "Energy Resources".

You use a number of different energy sources each day. Try tracing it back to its source. Many homes, schools, and bussines get heat by burning oil or natural gas. Some older buildings still burn coal for heat. The heat in many others homes and business come from electricity. So does the energy to run many common devices, such as light, computers, radios, TV´s, and washers. Some small devices such as flashlights and portable CD players get their electricity from batteries. Most of the other devices use electricy from a wall outlet. That electricity comes from a power plant. Electricity from that plant reaches your home through wires. There is an energy that is use in all the world is the Fossils Fuels. Heat from burning fossil fuels can be used directly to heat homes, schools, businesses, and factories. Fossil fuels are the remains of once

 living things. Coal formed from the remains of dead plants buried in acient swamps and forest. Natural gas and oil formed from the remains of tiny ocean plants and animals. These sea creatures died and fell to the bottom of the ocean. There is a form of get energy without pollute is the Alternative Energy Source: a source of energy other than the burning of a fossil fuel. These are examples of Alternative Energy Source: 

1. Water energy, 2.Wind energy, 3.Geothermal energy and 4.Solar energy.

Wind energy

Solar energy

Geothermal energy



Vocabulary#3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13

Vocabulary #2

1-Prism: A cut piece of clear glass (or plastic) with two opposite sides in the shape of a triangle or other geometric shape.

2-Spectrum: A band of colors produced when light goes through a prism.



3- Primary Color: Red, green, or blue; mixing these colors can produce all the colors of the spectrum.



4-Primary Pigment: Magenta, cyan, yellow; material with any of these colors absorbs one primary color or light and reflects the other two.

Vocabulary #4

1-Electromagnetism: The production of magnetism by electricity and the production electricy by magnets.

2- Electromagnetic Spectrum: All the wavelengths of visible and invisible light in order from short (gamma rays) to long (radio).

3- Laser: A device that produces a thin stream of light of just a few close wavelengths.

Vocabulary #5

 

1-Mass: The amount of matter in an object.

 2-Volume:The amount of space an object take up.

3-Weight: (on Earth) a measure of the force of gravity between Earth and an object.

4-Density: A measure of how tightly packed matter is; the amount of mass contained in a given volume.

5-Buoyancy: The upward push on an object by the liquid (or gas) the object is placed in.

6-Conduct: Allow heat or electricity to flow through readily.

7-Insulate: Not allow heat or electricity to flow through readily.

Vocabulary # 6

1-Element: A basic building block of matter; a pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler.



2-Compound: A chemical combination of two or more elements into a single substance.

3- Atom: The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element.

 

4-Proton: A particle with a positive charge in the nucleus of an atom.



5-Neutron: An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom.



6-Electron: A particle with a negative charge moving around the nucleus of an atom.



7-Nucleus: The dense center part of an atom.

8-Molecule: A group of more than one atom joined together that acts like a single particle.

Vocabulary # 7

1-Mixture:Two or more parts blended together yet keeping their own properties and not turning into a new substance.

2- Solution: A mixture in which substances are completely blended so that the properties are the same throughout and the substances stay blended.



3-Suspension: A mixture of substances that separate upon standing.



4-Colloid: Particles (or droplets) large enough to block out light spread throughout another substance.

5-Emulsion: A liquid spread through another liquid.

6-Aerosol: Liquid drops or solid particles spread through a gas.



7- Gel: A solid spread through a liquid.



8- Foam: A gas spread through a liquid or solid.

Vocabulary # 8

1-Physical Change: A change in size, shape, or state, without forming a new substance.



2- Chemical Change: A charge in matter that produces a new substance with different properties from the original.



3-Chemical Reaction: A chemical change of original substances into one or more new substances.

4-Reactant: One of the original substances before a chemical reaction takes place.

5-Product: One of the new substances produced when a chemical reaction takes place.

Vocabulary # 9

 

1-Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object.

2-Potential Energy: Energy stored in a object or material.

3-Conduction: Movement of energy from a hot object that comes into contact with a cooler object; the material remains in place.

4-Convection: Movement of energy by the flow of matter from place to place.

5-Radiation: Movement of energy in the form of waves that can travel through empty space.

6-Wet Cell Battery: A battery containing liquid solution that produces the electric current.

7-Dry Cell Battery: A battery that uses "dry chemicals" to produce an electric current.

Vocabulary # 10

1-Solar System: The Sun and the objects that are traveling around it.

2-Planet: Any of the nine large bodies that travel around the Sun and shine by reflecting its light.

3-Gravity: A force or attraction, or pull, between any object and any other objects around it.

4-Inertia: The tendency of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line.

5-Lithosphere: The hard, outer layer of Earth, about 100 kilometers thick.

6-Crust: The rocky surface that makes up the top of the lithosphere.

7-Resource: Any material that helps support life on Earth.

7- Hydrosphere: Earth's water.

Vocabulary # 11

1-Fault: A crack in the crust, whose sides show evidence of motion

2-Geologist: A scientist who studies Earth.

3-Magma: Hot, molten rock deep below Earth's surface.

4-Lava: Magma that reaches Earth's surface.

5- Weathering: The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.

6-Erosion: The picking up and carrying away of pieces of rock.

7-Deposition: The dropping off of bits of eroded rock.

8-Meteorite: A chunk of rock from space that strikes a surface (such as Earth or the Moon).

Vocabulary # 12

1-Mineral: A solid material of Earth´s crust with a definite composition.

2-Luster: The way light bounces off a mineral's surface.

3-Streak: The color of the powder left when a mineral is rubbed against a hard, rough surface.

4-Hardness: How well a mineral resists scratching.

5-Cleavage: The tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces.

6-Ore: A mineral containing a useful substance.

7-Gem: A mineral valued for being rare and beautiful.

8-Nonrenewable Resource: A resource that cannot be replaced within a short period of time or at all.

Vocabulary # 13

 

1-Rock: A naturally formed solid in the crust, made up of one or more minerals.

2-Ingeneous Rock: A rock formed when melted rock material cools and hardens.

3-Sedimentary Rock: A rock made of bits of matter joined together.

4-Fossil: Any remains or imprint of living things of the past.

 

5-Metamorphic Rock: A rock formed under heat and pressure from another kind of rock.

6-Humus: Decayed plant or animal material in soil.

7 -Pollution: Adding any harmful substance to Earth's land, water, or air.

8-Rock Cycle: Rocks changing from one form into another in a never-ending series of processes.